The Hybrid Warfare

This volume brings together seven scholarly articles examining the conceptual, legal, and operational dimensions of cyber terrorism in the context of modern hybrid warfare strategies.

The contributors collectively argue that the absence of a universally agreed definition of cyber terrorism continues to impede legislative progress at the international level, creating enforcement gaps exploited by state and non-state actors alike.

Each chapter addresses a distinct dimension: from the taxonomy of cyber threats to the specific challenges of attribution, the relationship between state-sponsored cyber operations and terrorist proxies, and the inadequacy of existing international legal instruments.

The volume calls for a multilateral treaty framework under the auspices of the United Nations that would establish legally binding standards for the criminalisation of cyber terrorism, drawing on precedents from international humanitarian law and the existing counter-terrorism conventions.

Published in June 2018 by the Global Institute for Cyber Threats (GICT) with the support of the European Parliament, the volume contributed to the growing momentum for a comprehensive international legal response to the emerging threat of cyber terrorism during a critical period in the evolution of European security policy.